Common brick masonry issues include cracking, spalling, efflorescence, and mortar deterioration. These problems arise due to moisture, temperature changes, and structural stress. Regular maintenance and timely repairs can prevent costly damage.
In this guide, we’ll explain the most common brick masonry issues, their causes, and how to fix them. If you are looking for expert masonry service, contact Avondale Masonry Contractors.
Phone: (623) 294-2100
Email: contact@avondalemasonryaz.com
1. Cracked Bricks
Causes:
Structural settling or foundation movement
Exposure to extreme temperatures
Poor-quality bricks or improper mortar mix
Solutions:
Minor cracks can be sealed with masonry sealant to prevent moisture intrusion.
For larger cracks, replacing the damaged brick and repointing the mortar is necessary.
If cracks are widespread, consider a professional structural assessment.
2. Efflorescence (White Powdery Residue on Bricks)
Causes:
Water penetration through the bricks
Presence of soluble salts in bricks or mortar
Poor drainage around the masonry structure
Solutions:
Brush off the white deposits with a stiff-bristle brush and mild detergent.
Improve drainage by redirecting downspouts and ensuring proper grading around the foundation.
Apply a breathable masonry sealant to prevent moisture absorption.
3. Spalling (Flaking or Chipping Bricks)
Causes:
Water absorption and freeze-thaw cycles
Use of non-breathable sealants trapping moisture inside
Low-quality bricks with poor resistance to weathering
Solutions:
Remove and replace affected bricks.
Use high-quality, weather-resistant bricks in future repairs.
Apply a breathable water repellent to reduce water penetration.
4. Mortar Deterioration (Receding or Crumbling Mortar)
Causes:
Weather exposure and erosion over time
Incorrect mortar mix during construction
Water infiltration weakening the mortar bonds
Solutions:
Repoint the affected areas by removing loose mortar and applying fresh mortar.
Ensure the new mortar matches the existing one for consistency and durability.
Consider using lime-based mortar for historic brick structures.
5. Bowing or Bulging Walls
Causes:
Foundation settlement leading to uneven support
Water damage weakening the masonry structure
Inadequate reinforcement during construction
Solutions:
Minor bowing can be reinforced with masonry anchors.
For severe cases, professional evaluation and wall reconstruction may be needed.
Waterproofing the affected area can prevent further deterioration.
6. Water Infiltration in Brick Walls
Causes:
Cracks in the mortar or bricks
Poor flashing around windows and doors
Clogged or misaligned gutters directing water towards the masonry
Solutions:
Apply masonry sealant to protect against moisture.
Repair or replace deteriorated mortar joints through repointing.
Ensure proper drainage systems are in place to divert water away.
7. Staining and Discoloration
Causes:
Mold and mildew growth due to excess moisture
Rust stains from embedded metal elements
Air pollution and environmental factors
Solutions:
Clean stains with a mixture of water and mild detergent.
For persistent stains, use a masonry-safe chemical cleaner.
Apply a protective sealant to prevent future staining.
Why Choose Avondale Masonry Contractors?
At Avondale Masonry Contractors, they specialize in brick masonry repairs, restorations, and new installations. They use top-quality materials and industry-best practices to ensure lasting results.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
1. How do I know if my bricks need repointing?
If your mortar is crumbling, receding, or showing cracks, it’s time for repointing. A simple test is to scrape a key or screwdriver along the joints—if the mortar easily falls apart, it needs repair.
2. What is the best way to prevent water damage in brick masonry?
Ensure proper drainage, fix any cracks or gaps, and apply a breathable masonry sealant to prevent moisture absorption.
3. Can I replace a damaged brick myself?
Small repairs may be DIY-friendly, but replacing bricks requires expertise to match mortar color and maintain structural integrity. Hiring a professional is recommended.
